Research Article
Design and Validation of a Questionnaire on Teachers' Uses of Generative Artificial Intelligence
Synthesis: Pérez-Montesdeoca, Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Stendardi, and Fernández-Sogorb (2026) design and validate a questionnaire measuring secondary-school teachers' educational uses of generative AI. After expert judgment on an initial item pool, they administered the instrument to 486 secondary-school teachers in Spain, and confirmatory factor analysis supported a six-dimension structure — teacher management, creation of teaching materials, student assessment, student empowerment, attention to diversity, and student Motivation — with high internal consistency and adequate convergent and discriminant validity.
Key Findings
- Confirmatory factor analysis supported a six-dimension structure for teachers' GenAI use: teacher management, creation of teaching materials, student assessment, student empowerment, attention to diversity, and student motivation.
- The instrument showed high internal consistency and adequate convergent and discriminant validity (N = 486 secondary teachers in Spain).
- Teachers reported using GenAI both to optimize their professional performance and to enrich students' learning experiences.
Implications for AI in Education
The validated instrument provides researchers and institutions with a psychometrically sound way to measure how secondary teachers actually use generative AI across professional and instructional purposes. By spanning management, materials creation, assessment, empowerment, attention to diversity, and motivation, it offers a more complete picture than single-use measures and can support teacher training and institutional decision-making. The work contributes to Educational Measurement and Assessment Validity for AI-related teacher competencies, and connects to Teacher AI Competency.
Connected Concepts
Connected Articles
- [intelligent-tpack-ethics-teachers-trust-distrust-2026] — teacher trust and Intelligent-TPACK
- [teachers-ai-knowledge-genai-lesson-planning-2026] — teachers' AI knowledge and GenAI lesson planning
Citation
Pérez-Montesdeoca, H., Rodríguez-Rodríguez, D., Stendardi, D., & Fernández-Sogorb, A. (2026). Design and validation of a questionnaire on teachers' uses of generative artificial intelligence. Computers and Education Open, 10, 100332.