🏷️ scaffolding

> **Synthesis:** Gao (2026) examined whether generative-AI-supported adaptation of English for Academic Purposes (EAP) reading materials chiefly changes passage-level structural complexity or text-emb…

2026-08-13 · language-learning, generative-ai, personalized-learning, instructional-design, teacher-role

> Pardos & Bhandari (2024) report a randomized efficacy study (N=274) comparing ChatGPT-generated hints to human tutor-authored hints and a no-help control across four mathematics subject areas. Only …

2026-08-12 · generative-ai, llm, ai-tutoring, intelligent-tutoring, math-education

> **Reducing AI misuse** — the design, pedagogical, and policy levers that prevent students from substituting generative AI for their own cognitive work and instead steer them toward ethical, producti…

2026-08-12 · ai-literacy, academic-integrity, assessment, self-regulated-learning, metacognition

> **Synthesis:** AI chatbot design principles to enhance the collective efficacy in collaborative learning…

2026-08-11 · collaborative-learning, generative-ai, higher-ed, collective-efficacy, chatbot-design

> **Synthesis:** Unravelling undergraduates' development of evaluative judgments through AI-supported internal feedback…

2026-08-11 · generative-ai, feedback-loop, higher-ed, writing-instruction, self-regulated-learning

> **Synthesis:** Sun et al. (2026) present VeriForge, a mixed-initiative [[generative-ai]] writing system that assumes initiative over domain discovery while the author retains initiative over narrati…

2026-08-11 · writing-education, generative-ai, rag, human-in-the-loop, creativity

> **Synthesis:** This study developed the Writing Improvement and Smart Evaluation Agent (WISE Agent), an AI feedback tool targeting textual logic and perspective biases in student essays. A three-mon…

2026-08-10 · ai-generated-content, critical-thinking, writing, feedback, k-12

> **Synthesis:** This article reports on a Delphi study that created the Scaffolded AI Literacy (SAIL) framework, broadly applicable across contexts while accessible enough for curriculum assimilation…

2026-08-10 · ai-literacy, curriculum-design, digital-divide, ai-education, ai-tutoring

> **Synthesis:** TACT (Taxonomy-Aligned Conversational Tutor) presents a human-grounded framework for training and evaluating pedagogically adaptive ESL tutors powered by [[llm|LLMs]]. Built on a Tuto…

2026-08-09 · tutoring, tutoring-systems, ai-tutoring, adaptive-learning, llm

> **Active Learning** — instructional approaches that engage students in doing things and thinking about what they are doing, rather than passively receiving information. In AI in education, active le…

2026-08-09 · active-learning, instructional-design, student-experience, higher-ed, k-12

> **Adaptive learning** — AI-driven educational systems that adjust content, pacing, and instructional strategies based on individual learner characteristics and performance. Adaptive learning is the …

2026-08-09 · knowledge-tracing, personalized-learning, intelligent-tutoring, student-modeling, cognitive-diagnosis

> **Collaborative Learning** — instructional approaches where students work together to solve problems, complete tasks, or construct knowledge, supported or mediated by AI tools. In AI in education, c…

2026-08-09 · collaborative-learning, cscl, ai-education, student-experience, equity

> **Critical thinking** — the ability to analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information — is both a skill that AI tools can help develop and a competency that students must apply when using AI. In AI i…

2026-08-09 · ai-education, generative-ai, higher-ed, ai-literacy, socratic-method

> **Feedback loop** — the cyclical process where AI systems assess student work, deliver feedback, observe the student's response, and adapt subsequent instruction. Effective feedback loops close the …

2026-08-09 · formative-assessment, ai-feedback-quality, automated-grading, self-regulated-learning, ai-tutoring

> **Instructional Design** — the systematic process of creating effective learning experiences through the analysis of learning needs and the design, development, implementation, and evaluation of ins…

2026-08-09 · instructional-design, curriculum-design, faculty-development, generative-ai, ai-literacy

> **Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS)** — a well-established subfield of AI in education that uses AI to model student knowledge, adapt instruction, and provide personalized feedback, typically throu…

2026-08-09 · ai-education, ai-tutoring, adaptive-learning, student-modeling, knowledge-tracing

> **K-12 AI education** — the use of artificial intelligence in primary and secondary education, spanning AI literacy curricula, AI tutoring, teacher support, and safety considerations unique to young…

2026-08-09 · pedagogical-safety, ai-literacy, teacher-role, equity, special-education

> **Math Education** — the study of how students learn mathematics and how AI can support mathematics teaching, spanning affective tutoring, cognitive diagnosis from handwritten work, productive strug…

2026-08-09 · math-education, stem-education, ai-tutoring, intelligent-tutoring, k-12

> **Socratic Method** — a pedagogical approach rooted in guided questioning and dialogue rather than direct instruction, now being adapted for generative AI tutoring systems. In AI in education, the S…

2026-08-09 · ai-education, generative-ai, higher-ed, student-experience, intelligent-tutoring

> **Teacher role** — how AI reshapes the work, identity, and agency of educators. With 50+ articles examining this dimension, the wiki documents a fundamental transformation: from sole knowledge autho…

2026-08-09 · faculty-development, teacher-ai-competency, ai-literacy, k-12, higher-ed

> **Synthesis:** Becker, Bauer, Schrader, Bitzenbauer & Veith (2026) analyze 1,189 survey responses from physics students using qualitative content analysis and latent class analysis, identifying two …

2026-08-08 · physics-education, student-experience, ai-literacy, higher-ed, stem-education

> **Synthesis:** Idan & Anand (2026) conduct an RCT showing that GenAI access significantly increases task performance on average — but the gains are highly uneven, NOT predicted by GPA or prior knowl…

2026-08-08 · generative-ai, ai-literacy, equity, productivity, efficacy-study

> **Synthesis:** Zhang et al. (2026) introduce TutorMoments, a replay-based evaluation framework that tests whether LM tutors adapt their pedagogical actions to context — scaffolding when support is n…

2026-08-08 · intelligent-tutoring, llm, llm-evaluation, k-12, math-education

> **Synthesis**: Pedagogical agents are AI-driven conversational interfaces embedded in learning environments that use pedagogical strategies (eliciting, telling, scaffolding) to support learner engag…

2026-08-08 · intelligent-tutoring, llm, student-ai-interaction, higher-ed, generative-ai

> **Synthesis:** This paper introduces the Synthesis-Analysis Reciprocity Model and the Vibe Compiler tool to preserve human epistemic agency during GenAI-assisted intellectual work. The model frames …

2026-08-07 · metacognition, generative-ai, critical-thinking, cognitive-offloading, human-in-the-loop

> **Synthesis:** Investigates adversarial AI design agents that enact constructive conflict to prompt reconsideration in novice designers. Between-subjects experiment (N=48) comparing adversarial vs. …

2026-08-06 · agentic-ai, design-thinking, higher-ed, student-ai-interaction, collaborative-learning

> **Synthesis:** Work-in-progress exploring LLMs as debugging assistants for physical hardware lab courses. Proposes 'Chat-Debugging' where students interact with an LLM to diagnose circuit faults. Ai…

2026-08-06 · llm, cs-education, higher-ed, stem-education, student-experience

> **Synthesis:** KnowLoop, a dual-agent conversational system for post-lecture review, structures learning around three stages—Recognize (mark in-situ confusion during lectures), Resolve (Teaching Ass…

2026-08-06 · conversational-agents, personalized-learning, higher-ed, learning-by-teaching, dual-agent

> **Synthesis:** Semi-structured interviews with 12 teachers who tutored LLM-simulated students (MathDial dataset) reveal key authenticity gaps: overly complex language, lack of emotions, unnatural at…

2026-08-06 · llm, student-simulation, teacher-training, dialogue-tutoring, k-12

> **Help-Seeking** — a key concept in AI in education research. Explored across 4 articles in this wiki.…

2026-08-06 · help-seeking, intelligent-tutoring, student-experience, metacognition, higher-ed

A randomized experiment (n = 79 medical/nursing students) examining how the **initiative design** of an AI writing agent shapes reasoning, agency, and immediate independent performance. Students compl…

2026-08-03 · generative-ai, ai-literacy, writing-education, higher-ed, agentic-ai

> Education AI is shifting from passive chatbots to **proactive agents** that initiate and pursue goals. This offers personalisation but risks undermining **learner agency and cognitive effort**. The …

2026-08-03 · agentic-ai, educational-theory, formative-assessment, metacognition, human-in-the-loop

A qualitative study of **16 undergraduates** at a Hong Kong teacher-education university who used **ChatGPT 3.5** to obtain feedback on IELTS writing tasks. Data came from unobtrusive screen-recorded …

2026-08-03 · generative-ai, feedback-loop, student-experience, higher-ed, ai-literacy

An empirical study of **21 higher-education teachers** using **PolyFeed**, an AI-powered feedback tool combining (1) a **BERT-based ML model** (from Aldino et al. 2024) that detects which learner-cent…

2026-08-03 · generative-ai, feedback-loop, teacher-role, higher-ed, faculty-development

> **Deliang Wang, Cunling Bian** — AIED 2026 (accepted full paper).…

2026-08-03 · generative-ai, equity, multilingual-learning, prompt-engineering, ai-literacy

> **Ilya Mikhelson** — Submitted to Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence (2026).…

2026-08-03 · llm, generative-ai, assessment, automated-grading, assessment-validity

Presents **StructRAG**, a pattern-aware framework that improves how AI tutoring systems interpret **complex engineering diagrams** (circuit schematics, network topologies, block flowcharts) in STEM. C…

2026-08-03 · intelligent-tutoring, stem-education, llm, generative-ai, automated-grading

> **Shuang Geng, Helen Lallos-Harrell, Jiya Ashar, Thomas J. McKenna, Annwesa Dasgupta, Caleb Farny, Emma Lejeune** — arXiv preprint (2026).…

2026-08-03 · llm, stem-education, higher-ed, student-experience, teacher-role

> **Agentic AI** — AI systems that autonomously plan, execute, and adapt multi-step workflows to achieve learning goals, going beyond single-turn Q&A to act as persistent, goal-directed collaborators:…

2026-08-01 · agentic-ai, generative-ai, llm, intelligent-tutoring, higher-ed

> **AI tutoring** — the use of AI (especially [[llm|LLMs]] and [[intelligent-tutoring|intelligent tutoring systems]]) to provide personalized, adaptive, scalable instructional support: conversational …

2026-08-01 · intelligent-tutoring, generative-ai, llm, feedback-loop, higher-ed

Position paper exploring "Generative Refusal" — AI tools that strategically withhold text generation to demand user articulation, functioning as a Maieutic Partner rather than a cognitive offloading t…

2026-07-31 · generative-ai, writing-education, educational-theory, over-reliance

This scoping review analyzed **13 experimental studies** on LLM integration in undergraduate [[cs-education]], examining how intervention design choices shape learning outcomes. The central finding: *…

2026-07-31 · cs-education, generative-ai, llm, instructional-design, efficacy-study

Pre-registered study auditing whether general-purpose helpfulness rubrics can distinguish direct answer-giving from pedagogical guidance in LLM tutors. Uses deterministic detectors for answer leakage …

2026-07-31 · llm, intelligent-tutoring, automated-grading, benchmark, feedback-loop

Survey of 206 engineering students: AI chatbots provide greatest perceived benefit as relief from competence frustration, smaller benefits for autonomy, weakest for relatedness. Baseline motivational …

2026-07-30 · higher-ed, stem-education, student-experience, affective-computing, personalized-learning

Published in *Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence*, accepted 27 July 2026. 📄 doi:10.1016/j.caeai.2026.100653…

2026-07-29 · agentic-ai, ai-literacy, educational-theory, generative-ai, higher-ed

> **Principled AI Education Framework** — A principled way to think about AI in education: guidance for educators and policy makers on action based on goals, models of human learning, and use of techn…

2026-07-29 · ai-literacy, curriculum-design, instructional-design, generative-ai, zone-of-proximal-development

> **SafeTutors** is a benchmark that jointly evaluates safety and pedagogy in AI tutoring systems across mathematics, physics, and chemistry. It argues that **tutoring safety is fundamentally differen…

2026-07-29 · pedagogical-safety, k-12, ai-tutoring, llm, regulation

A **randomized 2×2 full-factorial field experiment** (N = 179 German university students, 22 days of app use, 12-week follow-up) testing two design principles for a **mobile chatbot-based learning jou…

2026-07-29 · self-regulated-learning, generative-ai, higher-ed, student-experience, engagement-metrics

> **Stanford Evidence Base: AI in K-12 Education** — A 2026 systematic review from the Stanford SCALE Initiative analyzing 818 papers on AI in K-12 education. The central finding is stark: only 20 stu…

2026-07-29 · k-12, ai-literacy, evidence, zone-of-proximal-development, k-12-ai-education

> **The Multimodal Interference Effect** describes a systemic accuracy drop when LLMs encounter image-rich STEM problems: from ~96% on text-only physics problems to ~74% on multimodal ones. A simple t…

2026-07-29 · intelligent-tutoring, multimodal, socratic-method, stem-education, llm

> **Comprehensive Review of Intelligent Tutoring Systems** — Journal of Computers in Education (2025). A systematic literature review covering 2010–2025 that analyzes the deployment and effectiveness …

2026-07-29 · intelligent-tutoring, literature-review, adaptive-learning, pedagogical-llm-training, educational-nlp

Brisson, Segarra and Smits present a didactically-driven LLM teacher assistant for a university dimensional modeling (data warehousing) course. Unlike most educational chatbots that delegate pedagogic…

2026-07-28 · llm, intelligent-tutoring, higher-ed, pedagogy, rag

> **Prompt engineering** — the practice of designing and refining inputs to large language models to achieve desired outputs. In education, prompt engineering serves dual roles: as a learner skill (st…

2026-07-28 · ai-literacy, higher-ed, generative-ai, llm, student-experience

> **Reinforcement learning** trains AI tutors and agents through reward signals: [[special-r1-rl-special-education]], [[singh-eduqwen-pedagogical-rl-2026]], [[pedagogical-safety-rl]], and [[ai-coachin…

2026-07-28 · llm, pedagogical-safety, intelligent-tutoring, special-education, personalized-learning

This experience report introduces trio-ethnography — structured dialogue between two computing educators with differing teaching philosophies and one undergraduate CS student — as a method for surfaci…

2026-07-27 · generative-ai, stem-education, teacher-role, student-experience, higher-ed

This scoping review synthesizes 90 peer-reviewed [[llm]]-based programming support systems in [[cs-education]] to make explicit how each system bounds, enacts, and controls assistance — decisions the …

2026-07-24 · llm, cs-education, feedback-loop, higher-ed

Machine learning courses typically hand students pre-labeled datasets, hiding the subjectivity baked into human annotation and cultivating an overly trusting view of AI data pipelines. This two-univer…

2026-07-23 · ai-literacy, cs-education, higher-ed, generative-ai, engagement-metrics

A quasi-experimental, short-term longitudinal study with 126 first-year engineering students comparing two ways of teaching students how to learn with generative AI: an experiential, hands-on session …

2026-07-23 · generative-ai, higher-ed, efficacy-study, student-experience, self-regulated-learning

Nemo Explain Visualizer (nev) is an interactive visual query tracer and builder for the Datalog reasoner Nemo. Although built for expert users, the authors conducted a qualitative study with 14 partic…

2026-07-22 · stem-education, higher-ed, active-learning

This quasi-experimental study directly compares **AI-generated feedback** (two LLMs: **GPT-o4-mini** and **DeepSeek R1**) with **expert human-teacher feedback** in a project-based university course (A…

2026-07-19 · generative-ai, feedback-loop, higher-ed, student-experience, learning-gains

This landmark field experiment is among the first randomized controlled trials to causally demonstrate that **unguarded generative-AI tutoring can harm skill acquisition**, not merely fail to help. Co…

2026-07-19 · generative-ai, over-reliance, stem-education, k-12, rct

**Gendo Kumoi, Fumie Watanabe, Tota Suko, Takashi Ishida, et al. (2026)** - arXiv preprint (IEEE). arXiv preprint. Kumoi, G., Watanabe, F., Suko, T., Ishida, T., et al. (2026). [A Semi-Automated Syste…

2026-07-15 · llm, generative-ai, personalized-learning, active-learning, pedagogical-llm-training

Presents FORAP (Framework for Organizing Reusable and Adaptable Project-Based Learning projects) and a portfolio of 14 adoption-ready PjBL packages for computing education. The framework addresses the…

2026-07-14 · project-based-learning, k-12, higher-ed, active-learning, stem-education

Introduces 'design problems' (DPs): concise, scenario-based prompts that require applying knowledge in transfer contexts, generated with LLMs to assess higher-order thinking (HOT) in project-based lea…

2026-07-14 · project-based-learning, generative-ai, formative-assessment, stem-education, higher-ed

> Presents Q-Learning Lab, a single-file tool that makes the Bellman update concrete by letting undergraduates inspect how each value is computed and why actions are chosen, through learner-generated …

2026-07-14 · active-learning, higher-ed, reinforcement-learning, stem-education, self-regulated-learning

Presents a large-scale descriptive analysis of an AI learning assistant (Syntea) using objective log data from 77,543 higher-education students, characterizing real usage patterns, adoption, and engag…

2026-07-10 · llm, higher-ed, student-experience, learning-analytics, personalized-learning

Introduces a Bloom-aligned framework for measuring 'educational control' in LLMs: the ability to preserve a task's instructional intent while shifting its cognitive demand toward higher-order Bloom le…

2026-07-10 · llm, generative-ai, higher-ed, feedback-loop, self-regulated-learning

Uses epistemic network analysis of multimodal YouTube metadata (transcripts, titles, thumbnails, comments) to show how different creator groups frame ChatGPT use in education, revealing divergent narr…

2026-07-10 · ai-literacy, student-experience, academic-integrity, higher-ed, generative-ai

STEM education faces challenges in personalization and interdisciplinary integration. AI technology has brought new possibilities, but the mechanisms by which AI reshapes the STEM education ecosystem …

2026-07-09 · stem-education, generative-ai, intelligent-tutoring, adaptive-learning, learning-analytics

This paper aims to synthesize empirical research on AI tools used to support English as a second/foreign language (EL2) learners in Arab University classrooms (AUCs) between Jan 1st 2023 and Aug 31st …

2026-07-09 · language-learning, higher-ed, writing-education, ai-literacy, over-reliance

Building upon found examples is a popular way people learn to code, especially in creative coding communities where sharing projects and remixing are common practices. But effectively doing so require…

2026-07-09 · generative-ai, feedback-loop, active-learning, programming-its, higher-ed

Deploying LLM tutors in K-12 raises concerns around privacy, cost, and reliance on proprietary models, motivating small language models (SLMs) as an alternative. The authors introduce **CSTutorBench**…

2026-07-08 · llm, intelligent-tutoring, k-12, privacy, benchmark

Prompt engineering is a critical yet undertaught skill for software developers, poorly served by traditional instruction because of its evolving, interactive, context-dependent nature. The authors int…

2026-07-08 · agentic-ai, cs-education, feedback-loop, formative-assessment, intelligent-tutoring

Learning to communicate with code-generating AI is an emerging skill for novice programmers. 'Prompt Problems' — having students solve computational tasks by writing natural-language prompts for code-…

2026-07-07 · ai-literacy, cs-education, generative-ai, higher-ed, programming-its

**Manuel Alonso-Carracedo, Ruben Fernandez-Boullon, Pedro Celard, Francisco J. Rodriguez-Martinez, Lorena Otero-Cerdeira (2026)** This paper presents an [[llm]]-based grading system for Linux/bash com…

2026-07-03 · llm, automated-grading, cs-education, formative-assessment, higher-ed

**Mengqian Wu (2026)** Epistemic thinking — understanding how knowledge is constructed and justified — plays a central role in [[ai-literacy]], particularly when students co-program with generative AI…

2026-07-03 · ai-literacy, cs-education, student-ai-interaction, higher-ed, automated-grading

Data comics combine sequential visual narratives with data visualization to improve student engagement with [[generative-ai]] in educational settings. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of AI-assi…

2026-07-03 · ai-generated-content, k-12, active-learning, ai-literacy, llm

While [[llm]]s now enable rapid generation of learning materials like [[generative-ai]], evaluating the pedagogical quality of these materials remains an open challenge. This paper proposes an automat…

2026-07-03 · ai-generated-content, formative-assessment, learning-analytics, higher-ed, llm

The rapid integration of [[llm]]s into [[intelligent-tutoring]] threatens to reduce mathematical learning to mere answer generation. This paper presents a design framework for AI tutors that act as re…

2026-07-03 · intelligent-tutoring, llm, formative-assessment, higher-ed, automated-grading

**Tomohiro Nagashima, Lisa Siegrist, Niklas Scholz, Shintaro Sato, Martina Vincoli, Man Su (2026)** As AI technologies enter [[k-12]] classrooms, understanding how different stakeholders perceive thes…

2026-07-03 · k-12, teacher-role, student-experience, ai-literacy, student-ai-interaction

> **Manuel Alonso-Carracedo, Ruben Fernandez-Boullon, Pedro Celard, Francisco J. Rodriguez-Martinez, Lorena Otero-Cerdeira** — Universidade de Vigo, submitted 30 Jun 2026…

2026-07-02 · llm, formative-assessment, stem-education, higher-ed, llm-in-education

Abdelghani, Kaiser & Murayama (2026) trace how middle and high school students' interactions with AI math tutors evolve over time, identifying a trajectory from superficial prompting ('tell me the ans…

2026-06-30 · ai-literacy, k-12, metacognition, stem-education, student-experience

Bernstein, Denny, Leinonen et al. (2026) investigate whether providing students with multiple, diverse LLM-generated explanations of code (rather than a single 'best' explanation) improves comprehensi…

2026-06-30 · feedback-loop, higher-ed, llm, stem-education, student-experience

This survey provides the first systematic review of automated presentation coaching systems, organizing them along a five-dimensional task taxonomy: segmental pronunciation, lexical stress, suprasegme…

2026-06-29 · llm, intelligent-tutoring, feedback-loop, professional-training, language-learning

📄 [PDF](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2606.26579) This study investigates how different modes of AI interaction affect cognitive engagement and learning outcomes in high school students. Using a within-subje…

2026-06-26 · k-12, student-experience, llm, generative-ai, engagement-metrics

This paper explores how an embodied AI agent can act as a [[scaffolding|coach]] that accelerates human motor-skill development using [[adaptive-learning|reinforcement learning]]. The authors argue tha…

2026-06-25 · intelligent-tutoring, personalized-learning, adaptive-learning, professional-training, generative-ai

Castillo Ventura et al. (2026) address the gap between instructional design of digital mathematics resources and their pedagogical use in classrooms. Their work-in-progress framework translates learni…

2026-06-23 · teacher-role, k-12, stem-education, ai-literacy, higher-ed

Islam et al. (2026) address a core limitation of generative text-to-video for education: while visually fluent, such systems lack pedagogical content knowledge (PCK). CourseBlueprint provides a struct…

2026-06-23 · llm, generative-ai, personalized-learning, higher-ed

Ganganath et al. (2026) introduce CURIOBOT, a framework that operationalizes Berlyne's four collative variables (novelty, complexity, conflict, uncertainty) as adaptive linguistic interventions in con…

2026-06-23 · llm, intelligent-tutoring, metacognition, active-learning, self-regulated-learning

Liu et al. (2026) report on a 13-week Test-Driven, AI-Assisted (TDAA) redesign of a Theory of Computation course at HKUST (Guangzhou). The course replaced all lectures with self-directed, AI-assisted …

2026-06-23 · cs-education, llm, active-learning, assessment, higher-ed

> **Naaz Sibia, Jessica Wen, Amber Richardson, Yashika Jain, Khushi Malik, Bogdan Simion, Carolina Nobre, Angela Zavaleta Bernuy, Andrew Petersen, Michael Liut** (2026). ICER 2026…

2026-06-19 · cs-education, student-experience, active-learning, feedback-loop, multi-representational-tools

> **Po-Chin Chang, Nicholas Hogan, Aske Plaat, Michiel T. van der Meer** (2026). arXiv cs.AI preprint…

2026-06-19 · intelligent-tutoring, llm, k-12, personalized-learning, adaptive-learning

> **Wei Xia, Jin Wu, Haoran Shi, Xiangyu Wang, Chanjin Zheng** (2026). East China Normal University / arXiv cs.CL preprint…

2026-06-19 · automated-grading, formative-assessment, feedback-loop, writing-education, llm

> **Lan Luo, Anqi Wang, Muzhi Zhou, Junhua Zhu, Jie Cai, Ao Yu, Hui Pan** (2026). arXiv cs.HC…

2026-06-17 · intelligent-tutoring, k-12, personalized-learning, llm

> **Alexandra Neagu, Jeffrey T. H. Wong, Marcus Messer, Rhodri Nelson, Peter B. Johnson** (2026). Pluralistic Alignment Workshop @ ICML 2026…

2026-06-17 · intelligent-tutoring, llm, benchmark, efficacy-study, student-experience

Argues that epistemic vigilance — the human evaluation of AI output calibrated to how far a fallible source can be trusted — is the binding constraint on productive augmentation. AI's fluent, confiden…

2026-06-16 · personalized-learning, k-12, higher-ed, hallucination-risk, equity

> Asks what is gained and lost when 'collaboration' is applied freely to human-AI interaction. Argues true collaboration requires symmetric/negotiated relationship, shared goals, low and shifting divi…

2026-06-16 · intelligent-tutoring, active-learning, student-experience, teacher-role, learning-analytics

Studies whether public LLM tutoring benchmarks distinguish learning-supportive behavior from mere answer production. Proposes a lightweight diagnostic based on the gap between solving-oriented and ped…

2026-06-16 · intelligent-tutoring, llm, feedback-loop, benchmark, learning-analytics

**Li & Zheng (2026)**. Li & Zheng argue that the four dominant learning theories — behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism, and connectivism — show significant conceptual limitations as [[generative-…

2026-06-12 · generative-ai, llm, personalized-learning, higher-ed, self-regulated-learning

> **Shravika Mittal, Su Lin Blodgett, Q. Vera Liao**…

2026-06-11 · generative-ai, llm, over-reliance, student-experience, metacognition

**Angela Chen, Siwei Jin, Catherine Bao, Canwen Wang, Robert E. Kraut, Tongshuang Wu, Haiyi Zhu** — cs.CY, cs.HC The Adaptive Virtual Patient (AVP) is an LLM-driven simulated patient for psychotherapy…

2026-06-10 · professional-training, llm, generative-ai, intelligent-tutoring, student-experience

**Oleksandra Poquet, Mani Shankar Nanduri, Maria Ximena Salinas Loyer, Matthias Stadler, Michael Sailer, Jelena Jovanovic** — Accepted at EC-TEL 2026 — cs.HC, cs.ET This study compares two approaches …

2026-06-10 · writing-education, llm, student-experience, higher-ed, ai-literacy

**Jingzhe Lin, Hengbin Yu, Yongdan Zeng, Fangwei Zhong** — ICML 2026 — cs.MA, cs.CY EduMirror introduces a multi-agent simulator for studying educational social dynamics, addressing the dilemma that o…

2026-06-10 · intelligent-tutoring, student-experience, llm, higher-ed, generative-ai

**Yifan Liu, Jaime Arguello, Orland Hoeber, Chang Liu et al.** — cs.IR, cs.AI, cs.HC This report summarizes the CHIIR 2026 Workshop on Generative AI and Academic Search (GAI&AS), which examined how Ge…

2026-06-10 · generative-ai, llm, ai-literacy, policy-maker, higher-ed

**Hartwig Grabowski, Michael Canz** — cs.AI, cs.CV, cs.CY This paper identifies the didactic narrowing caused by fully digital e-assessment (overuse of closed question formats) and proposes a hybrid a…

2026-06-10 · automated-grading, assessment, higher-ed, generative-ai, formative-assessment

This paper introduces a pipeline that maps student questions directed at a conversational AI teaching assistant to curriculum topics using a few-shot text classifier, grounded in a GPT-4-extracted pre…

2026-06-10 · knowledge-tracing, llm, student-modeling, higher-ed, learning-analytics

> This paper develops a VR-based immersive learning environment using Photon Fusion that allows teachers and students to be present in the same virtual space regardless of physical locations. The syst…

2026-06-10 · edtech-platform, active-learning, student-experience, higher-ed, engagement-metrics

**Yi-Chieh Lee, Nattapat Boonprakong, Yugin Tan, Harold Soh et al.** — Workshop report from NUS-Google Workshops — cs.CY This white paper synthesizes findings from two international NUS-Google Worksho…

2026-06-10 · cs-education, generative-ai, curriculum-design, higher-ed, llm

**Yibo Meng, Ruiqi Chen, Zhiming Liu, Xiaolan Ding** — Accepted at MobileHCI 2026 — cs.HC TibetCPR is a low-cost, self-guided CPR training system that pairs depth-driven electrotactile feedback with r…

2026-06-10 · professional-training, llm, formative-assessment, student-experience, edtech-platform

Introduces a novel core concept, **"Awareness of Technological Isomorphism,"** defined as a student's metacognitive realization that their own mathematical cognitive operations (observing trends, indu…

2026-06-09 · k-12, ai-literacy, stem-education, personalized-learning, metacognition

Investigates how instructional guidance shapes student-AI interaction in [[higher-ed|construction engineering education]]. Introduces a **five-step prompting framework** grounded in Generative Learnin…

2026-06-09 · llm, higher-ed, active-learning, personalized-learning, feedback-loop

Examines how 98 Grade-9 students across three German Gymnasium schools regulated their use of a Mistral-Large GenAI tutor while preparing for a math exam. Despite overwhelmingly selecting scaffolded s…

2026-06-09 · llm, k-12, self-regulated-learning, metacognition, student-experience

Addresses a critical tension in [[stem-education|CS education]]: the widespread adoption of generative AI makes it impossible to distinguish authentic student effort from AI code synthesis by evaluati…

2026-06-09 · edtech-platform, academic-integrity, stem-education, higher-ed, formative-assessment

This field experiment shows that AI-generated feedback drafts can measurably increase the rate and length of feedback that teaching assistants actually deliver to students, without sacrificing perceiv…

2026-06-04 · automated-grading, feedback-loop, higher-ed, llm, teacher-role

This large-scale K-12 deployment provides empirical evidence that teacher-authored prompts can reliably shape the cognitive quality of student-AI dialogue at classroom scale. The TASD system lets teac…

2026-06-04 · k-12, student-ai-interaction, teacher-role, generative-ai, llm

Multi-institutional study on Generated Animated Traces (GATs) for CS1. Found that mid-engagement students may experience a performance decrement due to coordination costs (Expertise-Reversal Effect). …

2026-06-03 · cs-education, llm, personalized-learning, ai-literacy, mastery-learning

Proposes a five-stage developmental continuum (Not Engaged, Uncritical Use, Informed Use, Critical Evaluation, Improvement) for AI literacy at NC State; the continuum doubles as a diagnostic tool for …

2026-06-03 · ai-literacy, higher-ed, curriculum-design, ethics, instructional-design

> **Synthesis:** Generative AI (GenAI) as a mindtool that supports generative learning (GL)…

2026-06-03 · educational-theory, generative-ai, higher-ed, instructional-design

Through Brazilian government case studies, demonstrates that a four-layer pedagogical methodology (Literacy, Protocol, Prompt Engineering, Audit) is the key to productivity gains (up to 50%), rather t…

2026-06-02 · ai-literacy, public-sector, training-methodology, efficacy-study, prompt-engineering

Formalizes Agentic Software Engineering (ASE) as a distinct discipline. Proposes a 21-module curriculum focused on the "evolution of intent" and practitioner discipline required to manage agents rathe…

2026-06-02 · agentic-ai, ai-literacy, curriculum-design, higher-ed, software-engineering

> Experimental study comparing Guided vs. Unrestricted LLM access. Explicit training in reasoning-focused scaffolding (stepwise hints, verification) led to significantly better independent performance…

2026-06-02 · intelligent-tutoring, higher-ed, metacognition, prompt-engineering, agentic-workflows

> Identifies interaction signatures of LLM literacy using Epistemic Network Analysis (ENA) on logs from 162 students. High-literacy students exhibit iterative, strategic refinement and dense cognitive…

2026-06-02 · ai-literacy, higher-ed, learning-analytics, prompt-engineering, writing-education

> **Curriculum Design** — the process of planning and structuring what is taught across courses, programs, and institutions, including learning objectives, content sequencing, assessment strategies, a…

2026-06-02 · curriculum-design, instructional-design, ai-literacy, stem-education, higher-ed

> **Authors:** Unggi Lee, Jihoi Na, Yeil Jeong, Haeun Park, Yeonju Jang (2026)…

2026-06-01 · intelligent-tutoring, llm, special-education, personalized-learning, reinforcement-learning

The widespread adoption of AI chatbots in education will drastically change learning, making responsible deployment a critical concern. While large language models (LLMs) might have access to sources …

2026-05-29 · llm, intelligent-tutoring, teacher-role, over-reliance, learning-analytics

**Catching the Correct Answer Trap** — accepted at AIED 2026 — exposes a critical blind spot in [[intelligent-tutoring]] systems: they systematically fail to detect misconceptions when students arrive…

2026-05-28 · intelligent-tutoring, automated-grading, formative-assessment, llm, generative-ai

**REC-CBM: Rubric-Aware Error-Correction Concept Bottleneck Models** advances the [[automated-grading]] frontier by solving a fundamental trust problem: even accurate AI graders are unusable if educat…

2026-05-28 · automated-grading, llm, formative-assessment, higher-ed, efficacy-study

This paper argues that [[generative-ai]] systems in [[higher-ed]] are not epistemically neutral — they actively marginalize non-hegemonic ways of knowing. Drawing on educational sciences, critical tec…

2026-05-27 · generative-ai, higher-ed, special-education, equity, bias-mitigation

This is the first empirical study of what happens when AI agents are embedded **persistently** in a real academic research environment — with durable memory, local files, external tools, scheduled rou…

2026-05-27 · llm, generative-ai, higher-ed, agentic-ai, faculty-development

SlidesQAQA is a Flask-based system that extracts text and rendered images from PDF lecture slides and processes them through a four-stage [[llm]] pipeline: **window planning** (segment extraction), **…

2026-05-27 · prompt-engineering, generative-ai, llm, higher-ed, formative-assessment

This paper presents a fine-grained taxonomy categorizing novice programmers' difficulties with reading and understanding control flow constructs — specifically conditionals (selection) and loops (iter…

2026-05-27 · cs-education, stem-education, student-experience, higher-ed, benchmark

📄 DOI: 10.32473/flairs.39.1.141554 Codify (also called AI Tutor) is an [[intelligent-tutoring]] system that leverages [[llm|LLMs]], competency tracking, and adaptive assessment to provide Socratic, d…

2026-05-26 · intelligent-tutoring, llm, stem-education, higher-ed, adaptive-learning

This paper proposes a principled framework grounded in Evidence-Centered Design (ECD) that treats [[generative-ai]] as a design variable within STEM assessment arguments rather than an external threat…

2026-05-26 · stem-education, generative-ai, automated-grading, higher-ed, policy-maker

This preregistered between-subjects study (N=559) provides the first rigorous evidence that [[llm]] reasoning traces — increasingly common in AI interfaces — do not improve performance and can activel…

2026-05-26 · llm, metacognition, student-experience, efficacy-study, over-reliance

This paper addresses a fundamental gap in [[metacognition]] research: the lack of systematic integration of metacognitive theories into scenario taxonomies capable of guiding AI-enhanced professional …

2026-05-26 · metacognition, professional-training, adaptive-learning, lifelong-learning, self-regulated-learning

This study surveyed 24 neurodivergent computing students (autistic and/or ADHD) and 20 neurotypical peers, supplemented by 4 in-depth interviews, to understand how collaborative active learning struct…

2026-05-25 · student-experience, cs-education, special-education, equity, collaborative-learning

This paper presents a rigorous empirical comparison between [[llm|LLM]]-based and semantic similarity methods for [[automated-grading|automated assessment]] of student self-explanations in programming…

2026-05-23 · llm, automated-grading, feedback-loop, stem-education, higher-ed

**Annie Yuan (2026)**. arXiv preprint (cs.HC). Current AI-driven educational systems primarily rely on behavioural analytics and performance metrics, lacking the ability to model expert cognition used…

2026-05-22 · learning-analytics, intelligent-tutoring, adaptive-learning, student-experience, teacher-role

Benedetti (2026) introduces a theoretically grounded framework for AI-enabled pedagogical accompaniment that explicitly centers human agency — an approach described as "human-in-command" rather than m…

2026-05-21 · intelligent-tutoring, human-in-the-loop, pedagogical-safety, ai-literacy, student-experience

Singh, Mansi, and Riedl (2026) present Concept Catalyst, an LLM-powered tool designed to reduce K-12 teacher preparation time for Engineering Design Challenges. Unlike general-purpose chatbots, Concep…

2026-05-21 · llm, k-12, stem-education, teacher-role, generative-ai

Yang et al. (2026) tackle a fundamental tension in AI-augmented classrooms: how to balance teacher orchestration with student agency during dynamic transitions between individual and collaborative wor…

2026-05-21 · intelligent-tutoring, teacher-role, student-experience, k-12, human-in-the-loop

This paper presents a striking longitudinal finding: as AI becomes a routine educational tool, students systematically revalue **human intelligence (HI) over artificial intelligence (AI)**. Drawing on…

2026-05-20 · ai-literacy, student-experience, higher-ed, stem-education, over-reliance

This paper tackles a core ITS challenge: predicting when students will disengage so tutors can intervene before it's too late. It introduces **engagement forecasting** as a supervised prediction task …

2026-05-20 · intelligent-tutoring, learning-analytics, engagement-metrics, k-12, efficacy-study

🔗 [Code](https://github.com/adno/vocabulary-difficulty) This paper presents two complementary approaches to predicting vocabulary difficulty for language learners, achieving state-of-the-art results …

2026-05-20 · language-learning, llm, generative-ai, benchmark, formative-assessment

📄 arXiv · [PDF](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2605.18140) A mixed-methods survey of 90 STEM faculty in the RCSA Cottrell community identified a coherent latent construct — **AI pedagogical orientation** — th…

2026-05-19 · faculty-development, higher-ed, stem-education, ai-literacy, institutional-change

LLM tutors achieve near-ceiling on correct steps but systematically over-reject valid-suboptimal reasoning and over-validate incorrect solutions — precisely where adaptive tutoring matters most. This …

2026-05-19 · intelligent-tutoring, llm, generative-ai, benchmark, feedback-loop

Socratic questioning, reflection prompts, misconception checks, and mandatory pauses produce better K-12 engagement than directive answer-giving AI tutors. SocratiCode demonstrates a participatory des…

2026-05-19 · intelligent-tutoring, llm, generative-ai, k-12, student-experience

LLM-generated feedback produces faster time-to-solution than compiler-only baseline; counterintuitively, less guided feedback showed stronger effects than more guided variants. This study provides emp…

2026-05-19 · llm, generative-ai, feedback-loop, higher-ed, efficacy-study

This study investigates how teachers design multi-agent instructional workflows and identifies three distinct **teacher archetypes** that emerge from behavioral log analysis of 61 in-service teachers:…

2026-05-17 · ai-literacy, faculty-development, generative-ai, multi-agent, teacher-role

Codify (also referred to as "AI Tutor") is a web-based [[intelligent-tutoring]] platform for programming education that integrates conversational AI, adaptive assessment, and learning analytics. It le…

2026-05-17 · generative-ai, higher-ed, intelligent-tutoring, llm, programming-its

> Li, Cui & Hagedorn (2026) PRISMA-review **67 empirical studies (2022–2025)** on ChatGPT and university students' [[critical-thinking|critical]] and creative thinking: effects are contingent on **ped…

2026-05-16 · ai-literacy, boundary-object, generative-ai, cognitive-offloading, creative-thinking

KITE (Knowledge-Informed Tutoring Engine) introduces a [[intelligent-tutoring]] architecture that grounds its responses in course materials through a multimodal [[scaffolding|RAG pipeline]]. Unlike ge…

2026-05-16 · intelligent-tutoring, llm, generative-ai, formative-assessment, higher-ed

> Computational Thinking Development in AI Agent Creation: A Mixed-Methods Study **Sun et al. (2026)** — Multiple institutions. arXiv cs.CY.…

2026-05-15 · k-12, ai-literacy, stem-education, personalized-learning, k-12-ai-education

> Are Agents Ready to Teach? A Multi-Stage Benchmark for Real-World Teaching Workflows **Chen et al. (2026)** — Multiple institutions. Under review.…

2026-05-15 · agentic-ai, benchmark, generative-ai, intelligent-tutoring, llm

> LearnMate^2: Design and Evaluation of an LLM-powered Personalized and Adaptive Support System for Online Learning **Wang, Lee, & Mutlu (2026)** — University of Wisconsin-Madison. CHI-related publica…

2026-05-15 · personalized-learning, adaptive-learning, llm, generative-ai, higher-ed

> Characterizing Students' LLM Usage Behaviors and Their Association with Learning in Critical Thinking Tasks **Park, Orozco Vasquez, & Conati (2026)** — University of British Columbia. Accepted at ED…

2026-05-15 · higher-ed, student-experience, llm, generative-ai, learning-analytics

This study evaluated five generative AI tools for creating instructional slides from instructor-authored course notes: NotebookLM, Claude, M365 Copilot, Cursor, and Claude Code. Educators assessed sli…

2026-05-14 · generative-ai, higher-ed, student-experience, faculty-development, ai-literacy

This *Nature Reviews Psychology* piece draws a critical distinction that has been under-theorized in AIED research: The authors argue that generative AI easily boosts performance but often bypasses th…

2026-05-14 · generative-ai, metacognition, over-reliance, higher-ed, self-regulated-learning

> Perl-Nussbaum & Finkelstein (2026) adapt institutional-change models to generative AI as an **arrival technology** — one that entered classrooms before pedagogical evidence existed — yielding a six-…

2026-05-14 · ai-education, institutional-change, faculty-development, higher-ed, pedagogy

Using an expert-designed children's reading curriculum and stories generated by GPT-4o and Llama 3.3 70B as training data, the authors fine-tuned three different 8B-parameter LLMs. **The fine-tuned 8B…

2026-05-14 · llm, language-learning, k-12, ai-literacy, generative-ai

> **Authors:** Eason Chen, Ce Guan, A Elshafiey, Zhonghao Zhao, Joshua Zekeri, Afeez Edeifo Shaibu, Emmanuel Osadebe Prince **Year:** 2026 **Venue:** arXiv (cs.HC) > Mining discourse from Moltbook, a …

2026-05-11 · agentic-ai, benchmark, collaborative-ai-tutoring, engagement-metrics, learning-analytics

> **Authors:** Kirk Vanacore, Ryan S. Baker, Avery H. Closser, Jeremy Roschelle **Year:** 2026 **Venue:** arXiv (cs.HC) > Synthesizes intelligent tutoring systems research and generative AI into a kee…

2026-05-11 · intelligent-tutoring, generative-ai, llm, personalized-learning, feedback-loop

Most AI-based educational tools adopt a one-on-one tutoring paradigm, pairing a single LLM with a single learner. Yet decades of learning science — from Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development to Band…

2026-05-11 · llm, intelligent-tutoring, student-experience, collaborative-ai-tutoring, agentic-ai-ecosystems-higher-education

**Sequenced AI feedback harms learning despite boosting engagement and positive perceptions.** In a randomized experiment with 199 participants, the authors compared two types of AI-generated feedback…

2026-05-11 · feedback-loop, formative-assessment, generative-ai, efficacy-study, student-experience

> **Authors:** Isabel Molnar, Peiyu Li, Si Chen, Sugana Chawla, James Lang, Ronald Metoyer, Ting Hua, Nitesh V. Chawla **Year:** 2026 **Venue:** arXiv (cs.AI) > **Year:** 2026 > **Venue:** arXiv (cs.A…

2026-05-11 · llm, teacher-role, higher-ed, faculty-development, teacher-ai-competency

> Vendrell & Johnston (2026) propose a design-oriented framework for LLM use in higher education that strengthens rather than displaces [[critical-thinking]], countering [[cognitive-offloading]] and m…

2026-05-10 · generative-ai, higher-ed, self-regulated-learning, faculty-development-genai, metacognition

> A design framework for LLM-powered educational agents that prioritize durable learning over short-term task performance. Introduced by Khosravi et al. (2026), AI learning companions are defined as a…

2026-05-09 · llm, personalized-learning, adaptive-learning, metacognition, student-experience

> A pedagogical model where human mentors and AI tools jointly support student learning in project-based contexts. Human mentors provide conceptual guidance, debugging, and problem formulation support…

2026-05-09 · stem-education, k-12, higher-ed, active-learning, personalized-learning

> A web-based writing environment that inverts the AI-tutoring paradigm: rather than generating improved text for students, Prober.ai constrains an LLM to ask only targeted inquiry-based questions abo…

2026-05-09 · writing-education, ai-literacy, higher-ed, formative-assessment, metacognition

> Stub — pending source ingestion. AI adoption, strategy, and governance from the institutional administrator and leadership perspective.…

2026-05-09 · administrator, policy-maker, higher-ed, generative-ai, llm

> Stub — pending source ingestion. Lifelong learning and AI support for continuous education beyond formal schooling.…

2026-05-09 · lifelong-learning, personalized-learning, professional-training, llm, intelligent-tutoring

> AI coding assistants proliferate rapidly, but pedagogical frameworks for learning them remain scarce — a paradox at the heart of agentic coding education. > Using agentic AI workflows (Claude Code) …

2026-05-08 · agentic-ai, generative-ai, higher-ed, stem-education, metacognition

> **From Prototype to Classroom** (Elhaimeur & Chrisochoides, 2026) describes a tutoring system for quantum computing that bridges the gap between dense mathematical formalism and limited qualified in…

2026-05-08 · adaptive-learning, higher-ed, intelligent-tutoring, knowledge-tracing, stem-education

Automated question generation leverages NLP and LLMs to create educational assessments at scale. Wei & Stamper (2025) introduced the **generate-then-validate** paradigm, reducing hallucination by 62% …

2026-05-08 · nlp-education, assessment, llm, stem-education, automated-grading

> ProPACT constructs a real-time model of pair collaboration using three signals: > Most adaptive learning systems are individual-centric and reactive. **ProPACT** treats **collaboration itself as the…

2026-05-07 · intelligent-tutoring, adaptive-learning, higher-ed, formative-assessment, learning-analytics

> Three system properties enable the fallacy via two cognitive mediators: > The LLM fallacy is a **cognitive attribution error** in which users misinterpret LLM-assisted outputs as evidence of their o…

2026-05-07 · metacognition, over-reliance, llm, k-12, higher-ed

> Ostrowska, Kukla & Majstrak (2026) present an AI tutoring system **integrated into the Moodle LMS** designed to scaffold students from surface-level fact recall to deep conceptual understanding thro…

2026-05-07 · intelligent-tutoring, higher-ed, edtech-platform, llm, adaptive-learning-systems

> When LLMs process STEM problems that require interpreting diagrams, graphs, or schematics alongside text, their accuracy degrades substantially. This effect is: > General-purpose LLMs achieve near-c…

2026-05-07 · llm, intelligent-tutoring, stem-education, higher-ed, k-12

> The guide adopts a middle way between "techno-fixing" and rejecting AI as an existential threat. It argues that: > A comprehensive educator's guide to integrating Generative AI into multimodal teach…

2026-05-07 · ai-education, higher-ed, generative-ai, multimodal, active-learning

> The framework rests on three interconnected anchors that must be addressed *before* selecting tools: > Rejecting the binary promise-vs-peril discourse and the rush to immediate implementation, Finke…

2026-05-07 · ai-education, higher-ed, pedagogy, policy-maker, active-learning

> 1. **Desirable difficulties** — General-purpose AI removes productive struggle; tutoring tools preserve it via graduated hints. 2. **Germane load** — Effective learning requires processing that feel…

2026-05-07 · intelligent-tutoring, llm, generative-ai, personalized-learning, adaptive-learning

> Integrating emotional awareness into AI tutoring systems can yield measurable pedagogical gains, but the same affective sophistication risks amplifying harms if learner agency is eroded by empatheti…

2026-05-07 · affective-computing, intelligent-tutoring, adaptive-learning, k-12, higher-ed

Assessment designed to inform ongoing instruction and learning, as opposed to summative evaluation. AI systems can generate, validate, and adapt formative assessment items at scale, though quality var…

2026-05-07 · agentic-ai, ai-ed-evaluation, ai-education, assessment, pedagogical-safety

> Metacognition — thinking about one's own thinking — is both a target of AI education research (can AI tools develop students' metacognitive skills?) and a risk factor (AI completing tasks may suppre…

2026-05-07 · metacognition, self-regulated-learning, formative-assessment, k-12, higher-ed

> Domain-specialized optimization can transform a mid-sized open-source model (Qwen3-32B) into a pedagogical domain expert that outperforms far larger proprietary systems — but only when training rewa…

2026-05-07 · llm, intelligent-tutoring, adaptive-learning, benchmark, ai-education

Tailoring educational experiences to individual learner profiles, including prior knowledge, learning pace, preferences, and affective states. AI enables personalization at scale, though the gap betwe…

2026-05-07 · personalized-learning, intelligent-tutoring, adaptive-learning, ai-education, llm

> Self-regulated learning (SRL) describes learners as active participants who can shape and develop their cognitive and behavioral actions in a successful way. AI tools can either scaffold SRL develop…

2026-05-07 · self-regulated-learning, metacognition, k-12, higher-ed, formative-assessment

> Socratic dialogue — asking structured questions rather than providing answers — is one of the strongest pedagogical scaffolds for deep learning. When automated via AI, it produces measurable reasoni…

2026-05-07 · intelligent-tutoring, active-learning, higher-ed, stem-education, formative-assessment

> **Transfer of Learning** — the extent to which knowledge or skills acquired in one context (e.g., practice with an AI tool) persist and apply in a different context (e.g., independent performance wi…

2026-05-07 · transfer-of-learning, metacognition, cognitive-load-theory, desirable-difficulties, k-12